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³Sullivan KM. Health impact of influenza in the United States. PharmacoEconomics. 1996; 9(SUPPL 3): 26-33

⁴HwangMY. Do you have the flu? JAMA. 1999; 281:962

⁵ALA (American Lung Association), website:www.lungusa.org, 10/98

⁶Dowdle, Walter R. Informed Consent Nelson-Hall, Inc. Chicago, Ill. 1983

⁷ALA (American Lung Association), website: www.lungusa.org, 10/98

⁸Gubavera and Webster. Neuraminidase Inhibitors: New Candidate Drugs for Influenza. Infectious in Medicine, May 1999:345

⁹WHO website: http://www.who.ch/emc

¹⁰Dowdle, Walter R. Informed Consent. Nelson-Hall, Inc. Chicago, Ill. 1983:2

¹¹Dowdle, Walter R. Informed Consent. Nelson-Hall, Inc. Chicago, Ill. 1983:3

¹²Dowdle, Walter R. Informed Consent. Nelson-Hall, Inc. Chicago, Ill. 1983:4

¹³Dowdle, Walter R. Informed Consent. Nelson-Hall, Inc. Chicago, Ill. 1983:9

¹⁴Dowdle, Walter R. Informed Consent, Nelson-Hall, Inc. Chicago, Ill. 1983:9; WHO website: http://www.who.ch/emc

¹⁵Daniels, Mill Hill Essays 1998, National Institute for Medical Research (NIMR), London, UK: website: www.nimr.mrc.ac.uk

¹⁶Hayden and Palese. Influenza Virus. Clinical Virology: 911

¹⁷WHO website: http://www.who.ch/emc

¹⁸Hayden and Palese. Influenza Virus. Clinical Virology: 929

¹⁹Hayden and Palese. Influenza Virus. Clinical Virology: 932

²⁰WHO website: http://www.who.ch/emc

²¹Hayden and Rollins. In Vitro activity of the neuraminidase inhibirot GS4071 against influenza viruses. Antiviral Res 1997; 34: A86

²²WHO website: http://www,who.ch/emc

²³Lavanchy, D. Meeting the challenge of influenza introduction, abstract book. European Respiratory Society Annual Congress, Geneva Switzerland, September 22, 1998:5

²⁴Dowdle, Informed Consent, Nelson-Hall, Inc., Chicago, 1983: 5,9; Lavanchy, D. Meeting the challenge of influenza introduction, abstract book. European Respiratory Society Annual Congress, Geneva, Switzerland, September 22, 1998: 5

²⁵Dowdle, Informed Consent, Nelson-Hall, Inc., Chicago, 1983: 5,9; Centers for Disease Control and Prevention CDC website:www.cdc.gov/ncidod/diseases/flu/, 11/16/98; The New Encyclopedia Brittanica, 15th edition, pp.312

²⁶Dowdle, Informed Consent, Nelson-Hall, Inc., Chicago, 1983; 5,9; Centers for Disease Control and Prevention CDC website: www.cdc.gov/ncidod/diseases/flu/, 11/16/98; The New Encyclopedia Brittanica 15th edition, pp.312

²⁷Daniels, Mill Hill Essays 1998, National Institute for Medical Research NIMP, London, UK: website: www.nimr.mrc.ac.uk/; Tice, D.J., www.pioneerplanet.com/archive/3/10/1997

²⁸World Health Organization WHO websites: www.who.ch/emc, 1999;www.who.int/; Cox and Fukuda: Influenza, Emerging Infectious Diseases, March 1998: 32

²⁹Daniels, Mill Hill Essays 1998, National Institute for Medical Research (NIMR), London, UK: website: www.nimr.mrc.ac.uk/; WHO Influenza program from website: www.who.int/

³⁰Daniels, Mill Hill Essays 1998, National Institute for Medical Research (NIMR), London, UK; website; www.nimr.mrc.ac.uk/; WHO Influenza Program from website: www.who.int/

³¹WHO Influenza Program from website: www.who.int/

³²Scientists Uncover Clues to Flu Epidemic of 1918, New York times, February 16, 1999

³³Pandemic, BBC (British Broadcasting Company) Online, February 4, 1999, www.bbc.uk/horizon/

³⁴Pandemic, BBC (Brittish Broadcasting Company) Online, February 4, 1999, www.bbc.uk/horizon/

³⁵Scientists Uncover Clues to Flu Epidemic of 1918, New York Times, February 16, 1999; Pandemic, BBC ( Brittish Broadcasting Company) Online, February 4, 1999, www.bbc.uk/horizon/

³⁶Scientists Uncover Clues to Flu Epidemic of 1918, New York Times, February 16, 1999

³⁷Genetic Material of Virus from 1918 Flu is Found, New York Times, March 21, 1997

³⁸Scientists Uncover Clues to Flu Epidemic of 1918, New York Times, February 16, 1999

³⁹Scientists Uncover Clues to Flu Epidemic of 1918, New York Times, February 16, 1999

⁴⁰WHO Influenza Program from website: www.who.int/

⁴¹WHO Influenza Program from website: www.who.int/

⁴²WHO Influenza Program from website: www.who.int

⁴³WHO Influenza Program from website: www.who.int/

⁴⁴WHO Influenza Program from website: www.who.int/

⁴⁵Daniels, Mill Hill Essays 1998, National Institute for Medical Research

⁴⁶WHO Influenza Program from website: www.who.int/; Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) website: www.cdc.gov/ncidod/diseases/flu/

⁴⁷WHO Influenza Program from website: www.who.int/; Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) website: www.cdc.gov/ncidod/diseases/flu/

⁴⁸WHO Influenza Program from website: www.who.int/; Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) website: www.cdc.gov/ncidod/diseases/flu/;

⁴⁹WHO Influenza Program from website: www.who.int/

⁵⁰Hong Kong Department of Health website: www.info.gov.hk/dh/new

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⁵²Sullivan KM. Health impact of influenza in the United States. PharmacoEconomics. 1996; 9(SUPPL 3): 32

⁵³Cox and Fukuda: Influenza, Emerging Infectious Diseases. March,1998; 28

⁵⁴Hayden and Palese, Influenza Virus, Clinical Virology, 925

⁵⁵Hayden and Palese, Influenza Virus, Clinical Virology, 917

⁵⁶Dorland's Illustrated Medical Dictionary (Saunders, 1994): 839

⁵⁷Dorland's Illustrated Medical Dictionary (Saunders, 1994): 230

⁵⁸Hayden and Palese, Influenza Virus, Clinical Virology, 925

⁵⁹Cox and Fukuda: Influenza, Emerging Infectious Diseases. March,1998: 28-29

⁶⁰ALA (American Lung Association), website: www.lungusa.org/diseases/c&fguide/flu, 10/98, 6/3/99

⁶¹Hayden and Palese, Influenza Virus, Clinical Virology: 934

⁶²ALA (American Lung Association), website: www.lungusa.org/diseases/c&fguide/flu [or cold], 10/98, 6/3/99, 10/98, 6/3/99; Mayo Clinic Family Health Book, (William Morrow and Company, 1996)

⁶³ALA (American Lung Association), website: www.lungusa.org/diseases/c&fguide/flu [or cold], 10/98, 6/3/99, 10/98, 6/3/99

⁶⁴Dorland's Illustrated Medical Dictionary, 1994: 839

⁶⁵ALA (American Lung Association), website: www.lungusa.org/diseases/c&fguide/flu [or cold], 10/98, 6/3/99, 10/98, 6/3/99; Mayo Clinic Family Health Book, (William Morrow and Company, 1996)

⁶⁶ALA (American Lung Association), website: www.lungusa.org/diseases/c&fguide/flu [or cold], 10/98, 6/3/99, 10/98, 6/3/99

⁶⁷Sullivan KM. Health impact of influenza in the United States PharmacoEconomics. 1996; 9(SUPPL 3): 32; www.cdc.gov/ncidod/diseases/flu/fluvac.htm, 2/98, 10/98

⁶⁸Mayo Clinic Family Health Book, (William Morrow and Company, 1996)

⁶⁹ALA (American Lung Association), website: www.lungusa.org/diseases/c&fguide/flu [or cold], 10/98, 6/3/99, 10/98, 6/3/99

⁷⁰Cox and Fukuda: Influenza, Emerging Infectious Diseases, March1998: 28-29

⁷¹ALA (American Lung Association), website: www.lungusa.org/diseases/c&fguide/flu [or cold], 10/98, 6/3/99, 10/98, 6/3/99

⁷²Cox and Fukuda: Influenza, Emerging Infectious Diseases, March1998: 29

⁷³ALA (American Lung Association), website: www.lungusa.org/diseases/c&fguide/flu [or cold], 10/98, 6/3/99, 10/98, 6/3/99

⁷⁴ALA (American Lung Association), website: www.lungusa.org/diseases/c&fguide/flu [or cold], 10/98, 6/3/99, 10/98, 6/3/99

⁷⁵Cox and Fukuda: Influenza, Emerging Infectious Diseases, March1998: 28

⁷⁶ALA (American Lung Association), website: www.lungusa.org/diseases/c&fguide/flu [or cold], 10/98, 6/3/99, 10/98, 6/3/99

⁷⁷ALA (American Lung Association), website: www.lungusa.org/diseases/c&fguide/flu [or cold], 10/98, 6/3/99, 10/98, 6/3/99

⁷⁸Mayo Clinic Family Health Book, (William Morrow and Company, 1996)

⁷⁹Cox and Fukuda: Influenza, Emerging Infectious Diseases, March1998: 33

⁸⁰Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) website: www.cdc.gov/ncidod/diseases/flu/, 11/16/98

⁸¹Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) website: www.cdc.gov/ncidod/diseases/flu/, 11/16/98

⁸²Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) website: www.cdc.gov/ncidod/diseases/flu/, 11/16/98

⁸³Cox and Fukuda, Influenza, Emerging Infectious Diseases, March 1998:30

⁸⁴Cox and Fukuda, Influenza, Emerging Infectious Diseases, March 1998:30

⁸⁵Hayden and Palese. Influenza Virus. Clinical Virology: 912

⁸⁶Hayden and Palese. Influenza Virus. Clinical Virology: 912

⁸⁷Hayden and Palese. Influenza Virus. Clinical Virology: 912

⁸⁸WHO Influenza Program from website: www.who.int/; British Broadcasting Company (BBC) website -- "Pandemic": www.bbc.co.uk/horizon/pandemic/

⁸⁹Daniels, Mill Hill Essays 1998, National Institute for Medical Research, www.nimr.mrc.ac.uk/; Cox and Fukuda, Influenza, Emerging Infectious Diseases, March 1998: 32

⁹⁰Cox and Fukuda, Influenza, Emerging Infectious Diseases, March 1998: 31

⁹¹www.telerama.com/~cass/influenza

⁹²WHO Influenza Program from website: www.who.int/

⁹³Gonzales R. Antibiotic Resistance and Prescribing Practices. Hospital Practice, April 15, 1998: 11

⁹⁴Gonzales R. Antibiotic Resistance and Prescribing Practices. Hospital Practice, April 15, 1998: 11

⁹⁵Danziger, LH, Pendland SL. Bacterial Resistance to Beta-Lactum Antibiotics. American Journal of Health Systems Pharmacy, 1995; 52, Supplement 2: S3-S8: 53

⁹⁶Mayo Clinic Family Health Book (William Morrow and Company, 1996): 1059

⁹⁷Mayo Clinic Family Health Book (William Morrow and Company, 1996): 1059

⁹⁸Mayo Clinic Family Health Book (William Morrow and Company, 1996): 1059

⁹⁹Mayo Clinic Family Health Book (William Morrow and Company, 1996): 1059; Dorland's Illustrated Medical Dictionary, 1994: 1826

¹⁰⁰Mayo Clinic Family Health Book (William Morrow and Company, 1996): 1059; Dorland's Illustrated Medical Dictionary, 1994: 1826 101Mayo Clinic Family Health Book (William Morrow and Company, 1996): 1059

¹⁰²Mayo Clinic Family Health Book (William Morrow and Company, 1996): 1066, 1079

¹⁰³Mayo Clinic Family Health Book (William Morrow and Company, 1996): 382, 1079, 1080

¹⁰⁴Mayo Clinic Family Health Book (William Morrow and Company, 1996): 1060

^{105Hayden and Palese. Influenza Virus. Clinical Virology}

^{106Hayden and Palese. Influenza Virus. Clinical Virology; Andrew Kress, Surveillance Data Inc., telephone interview 6/21/99}

^{107Hayden and Palese. Influenza Virus. Clinical Virology; Andrew Kress, Surveillance Data Inc., telephone interview 6/21/99}

^{108Hayden and Palese. Influenza Virus. Clinical Virology}

¹⁰⁹Andrew Kress, Surveillance Data Inc., telephone interview 6/21/99

¹¹⁰Andrew Kress, Surveillance Data Inc., telephone interview 6/21/99

¹¹¹Hayden and Palese. Influenza Virus. Clinical Virology

¹¹²Andrew Kress, Surveillance Data Inc., telephone interview 6/21/99

¹¹³Mayo Clinic Family Health Book (William Morrow and Company, 1996): 1060; Vaccines for infections have long history, from February 1995 Medical Essay supplement to Mayo Clinic Newsletter, Mayo Clinic website, www.mayohealth.org; ALA (American Lung Association), website: www.lungusa.org/diseases, 10/98, 6/3/99

¹¹⁴Marwick C. Millennial Influenza Vaccine. JAMA, March 10, 1999; 281: 887

¹¹⁵Smith W, Andrewes CH, Laidlaw PP. A Virus Obtained From Influenza Patients. Lancet 1933; 1: 66-68; deJong JC, Claas EC, Osterhaus AD. [ Influenza A (H5N1) in Hong Kong: Forerunner of a Pandemic or Only a Scientifically Interesting Phenomenon and a Useful Exercise in Pandemiology?] [In Dutch.] Tjidschr Diergeneeskd 1998; 123: 278-82

¹¹⁶Hayden and Palese, Influenza Virus, Clinical Virology: 929-930; Glezen P. Influenza Control - Unfinished Business. JAMA, March 10, 1999; 281: 944-945

¹¹⁷Glezen WP, Influenza Control - Unfinished Business. JAMA 1999; 281: 944-945; Palese P, Tobita K, Ueda M, et al. Characterization of Temperature Sensitive Influenza Virus Mutants Defective in Neuraminidase. Virology 1974: 61: 397-410

¹¹⁸Hayden and Palese, Influenza Virus, Clinical Virology: 932-934; Gubareva and Webster, Neuraminidase Inhibitors: New Candidate Drugs for Influenza. Infections in Medicine, May 1999 119Hayden and Palese, Influenza Virus, Clinical Virology: 932-934; B&S Durbin Ltd website: www.durbin.co.uk/ribaviri1.htm

¹²⁰Palese P, Tobita K, Ueda M, et al. Characterization of Temperature Sensitive Influenza Virus Mutants Defective in Neuraminidase. Virology 1974: 61: 397-410; Colman PM, Varghese JN, Laver WG. Structure of the Catalytic and Antigenic Sites in Influenza Virus Neuraminidase. Nature 1983: 303: 41-44; Kim CUW, Lew M, Williams W, et al. New Potent, Orally Active Neuraminidase Inhibitors as Anti-Influenza Agents: In Vitro and In Vivo Activity of GS4071 and Analogs. 36th Annual Meeting of the Interscience Conference on Antimicrobial Agents and Chemotherapy: 1996 Sept 15-18, New Orleans, USA; Cundy KC, Eisenberg G, Bidgood A, et al. The Novel Influenza Neuraminidase Inhibitor Prodrug GS4104 is Highly Bioavailable in Animals. 36th Annual Meeting of the Interscience Conference on Antimicrobial Agents and Chemotherapy: 1996 Sept 15-18, New Orleans, USA

¹²¹CDC (Centers for Disease Control and Prevention) website: www.cdc.gov/ncidod/diseases/flu/fluvac.htm, 2/98, 10/98; Jane Brody's The New York Times Guide to Personal Health (Avon, 1982): 515

¹²²ALA (American Lung Association), website: www.lungusa.org/diseases/c&fguide/flu, 10/98, 6/3/99

¹²³Hayden and Palese. Influenza Virus. Clinical Virology: 930; Jane Brody's The New York Times Guide to Personal Health (Avon, 1982): 516

¹²⁴ALA (American Lung Association), website: www.lungusa.org/diseases/c&fguide/flu, 10/98, 6/3/99; Jane Brody's The New York Times Guide to Personal Health (Avon, 1982): 516

¹²⁵Jane Brody's The New York Times Guide to Personal Health (Avon, 1982): 516

¹²⁶Treanor, John J. Preparing for the next pandemic. Infections in Medicine. May 1999: 318

¹²⁷ALA (American Lung Association), website: www.lungusa.org/diseases/c&fguide/flu, 10/98, 6/3/99

¹²⁸CDC (Centers for Disease Control and Prevention) website: www.cdc.gov/ncidod/diseases/flu/fluvac.htm, 2/98, 10/98

¹²⁹Mayo Clinic Family Health Book (William Morrow and Company, 1996): 1066

¹³⁰CDC (Centers for Disease Control and Prevention) website: www.cdc.gov/ncidod/diseases/flu/fluvac.htm, 2/98, 10/98

¹³¹CDC (Centers for Disease Control and Prevention) website: www.cdc.gov/ncidod/diseases/flu/fluvac.htm, 2/98, 10/98

¹³²Mayo Clinic Family Health Book (William Morrow and Company, 1996): 1066; CDC (Centers for Disease Control and Prevention) website: www.cdc.gov/ncidod/diseases/flu/fluvac.htm, 2/98, 10/98

¹³³Mayo Clinic Family Health Book (William Morrow and Company, 1996): 1066

¹³⁴Sullivan KM. Health impact of influenza in the United States PharmacoEconomics. 1996; 9(SUPPL 3): 32

¹³⁵Hwang MY. Do you have the flu? JAMA. 1999; 281: 962

¹³⁶Glezen WP. Influenza control: unfinished business. JAMA. 1999;281(10): 944. Editorial.

¹³⁷Neuzil et al. Influenza-Associated Morbidity and Mortality in Young and Middle-Aged Women. JAMA, March 10, 1999

¹³⁸CDC (Centers for Disease Control and Prevention), website: www.cdc.gov/ncidod/diseases/flu/fluvac.htm, 2/98 (in influenza binder), 10/98

¹³⁹Glezen, Decker, et al. Acute respiratory disease associated with influenza epidemics in Houston, 1981-1983. J Infect Dis. 1987; 155(6): 1124

¹⁴⁰Sullivan KM. Health impact of influenza in the United States PharmacoEconomics. 1996; 9(SUPPL 3): 32

¹⁴¹Mayo Clinic Family Health Book, (William Morrow and Company, 1996)

¹⁴²Sullivan KM. Health impact of influenza in the United States PharmacoEconomics. 1996; 9(SUPPL 3): 32

¹⁴³National Center for Health Statistics. Acute conditions. In: Vital and Health Statistics, Series 10, No. 193: Current estimates from the National Health Interview Survey, 1994.

¹⁴⁴Hayden and Palese, Influenza Virus, Clinical Virology; Treanor, John J. Preparing for the next pandemic. Infections in Medicine. May 1999

¹⁴⁵Hayden and Palese, Influenza Virus, Clinical Virology; Treanor, John J. Preparing for the next pandemic. Infections in Medicine. May 1999

¹⁴⁶Hayden and Palese, Influenza Virus, Clinical Virology; Treanor, John J. Preparing for the next pandemic. Infections in Medicine. May 1999

¹⁴⁷American Lung Association. Influenza fact sheet. www.lungusa.org/diseases/influenza_factsheet.html.

¹⁴⁸National Center for Health Statistics. Acute conditions. In: Vital and Health Statistics, Series 10, No. 193: Current estimates from the National Health Interview Survey, 1994.

¹⁴⁹NBC Special Report on Influenza, 1/21/98

¹⁵⁰NBC Special Report on Influenza, 1/21/98

¹⁵¹NBC Special Report on Influenza, 1/21/98

¹⁵²NBC Special Report on Influenza, 1/21/98

¹⁵³Mayo Clinic Family Health Book (Morrow, 1996)

¹⁵⁴Dorland's Illustrated Medical Dictionary (Saunders, 1994): 95

¹⁵⁵Mayo Clinic Family Health Book (Morrow, 1996)

¹⁵⁶Daniels, Mill Hill Essays 1998, National Institute for Medical Research (NIMR), London, UK: website: www.nimr.mrc.ac.uk/

¹⁵⁷Cox and Fukuda, Influenza, Emerging Infectious Diseases, March 1998

¹⁵⁸Dorland's Illustrated Medical Dictionary (Saunders, 1994)

¹⁵⁹Webster's II New College Dictionary ( Houghton, 1996)

¹⁶⁰Hayden and Palese. Influenza Virus. Clinical Virology

¹⁶¹Daniels, Mill Hill Essays 1998, National Institute for Medical Research (NIMR), London, UK: website: www.nimr.mrc.ac.uk/

¹⁶²Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) website: www.cdc.gov/ncidod/diseases/flu/, 11/16/98

¹⁶³Dorland's Illustrated Medical Dictionary (Saunders, 1994)

¹⁶⁴Gubareva and Webster, Neuraminidase Inhibitors: New Candidate Drugs for Influenza. Infections in Medicine, May 1999: 345

¹⁶⁵Webster's II New College Dictionary ( Houghton, 1996)

¹⁶⁶Dorland's Illustrated Medical Dictionary (Saunders, 1994)

¹⁶⁷Cox and Fukuda, Influenza, Emerging Infectious Diseases, March 1998: 28

¹⁶⁸Dorland's Illustrated Medical Dictionary (Saunders, 1994)

¹⁶⁹Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) website: www.cdc.gov/ncidod/diseases/flu/, 11/16/98; WHO Influenza Program from website: www.who.int/

¹⁷⁰Cox and Fukuda, Influenza, Emerging Infectious Diseases, March 1998

¹⁷¹Daniels, Mill Hill Essays 1998, National Institute for Medical Research (NIMR), London, UK: website: www.nimr.mrc.ac.uk/

¹⁷²Dorland's Illustrated Medical Dictionary (Saunders, 1994)

¹⁷³Cox and Fukuda, Influenza, Emerging Infectious Diseases, March 1998

¹⁷⁴WHO Influenza Program from website: www.who.int/

¹⁷⁵Dorland's Illustrated Medical Dictionary (Saunders, 1994)

¹⁷⁶Daniels, Mill Hill Essays 1998, National Institute for Medical Research (NIMR), London, UK: website: www.nimr.mrc.ac.uk/

¹⁷⁷Dorland's Illustrated Medical Dictionary (Saunders, 1994)

¹⁷⁸Dorland's Illustrated Medical Dictionary (Saunders, 1994)